ADHD medications — particularly stimulant medications — may slightly slow growth in children, especially in the early stages of treatment. However, most research shows that this effect is small, temporary, and usually does not impact final adult height.
Why Is There a Concern About Growth and ADHD Medication?
Stimulant medications like methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamine-based drugs (e.g., Adderall, Vyvanse) are commonly prescribed to manage symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These medications can suppress appetite, which may lead to reduced calorie intake, affecting weight gain and growth velocity, especially in children and adolescents.
What Does the Research Say?
- A multiyear study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (MTA Study) found that children who took stimulant medication for ADHD grew about half an inch (1–2 cm) shorter on average over several years compared to children who didn’t take medication.
- However, the rate of growth tends to normalize over time. In many cases, children catch up in height once their bodies adjust to the medication or when the dosage is modified.
- The American Academy of Pediatrics and other expert organizations recognize this possible side effect but emphasize that it is usually minor and manageable with proper monitoring.
When Is Growth Most Affected?
- The first 1 to 2 years of starting stimulant treatment tend to show the most impact.
- Pre-pubertal children may be more sensitive to appetite suppression.
- Effects may depend on dosage, duration, and individual metabolism.
How Can Growth Be Monitored and Managed?
If your child is taking ADHD medication, especially stimulants, here’s what can help:
- Regular monitoring of height and weight at each check-up (at least every 6 months).
- Adjusting dosage to the lowest effective level.
- Using drug holidays (breaks from medication, usually during weekends or school vacations), if approved by the doctor.
- Considering non-stimulant medications (like atomoxetine or guanfacine) if growth suppression is a concern.
- Ensuring adequate nutrition and tracking appetite regularly.
Does ADHD Medication Affect Adult Height?
Most evidence shows that while there might be a temporary slowing of growth, children typically reach their expected adult height over time. The effect is generally small and does not outweigh the benefits of treating moderate to severe ADHD symptoms.
When Should You Talk to a Doctor?
Talk to your child’s pediatrician or mental health provider if you notice:
- A significant decrease in appetite
- Slowed weight gain or height growth
- Concerns about nutrition or behavior
Your provider can help balance treatment benefits with growth monitoring, and adjust the plan as needed.
Summary
| Concern | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Does it stunt growth? | Slight, temporary slowing may occur. |
| Is it permanent? | Typically no. Most children reach normal adult height. |
| What helps? | Regular monitoring, dosage adjustments, balanced nutrition, doctor guidance. |
